Emerging diseases

Information

West Nile virus (WNV) is a mosquito-borne emerging infectious disease caused by West Nile virus. It is endemic in many regions of the United States, including the Northeast, with transmission occurring primarily through the bite of infected Culex mosquitoes. Most infections are asymptomatic (~80%).^1,2 Less than 1% of cases progress to neuroinvasive disease, such as meningitis, encephalitis or acute flaccid paralysis.^1,2 Neuroinvasive disease can be severe, with a case fatality rate of approximately 10%, particularly in older adults and immunocompromised individuals.^1,2 There is no specific antiviral treatment for West Nile virus infection. Management is supportive, especially in severe cases.

West Nile virus antibody testing

Antibody testing is the primary diagnostic approach for West Nile virus infection.³ WNV-specific IgM antibodies are typically detectable within days of symptom onset and indicate recent or current infection. IgG antibodies develop shortly thereafter and are consistent with past exposure or later-stage infection.³

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends initial testing for WNV-specific IgM antibodies in serum, followed by IgG testing or confirmatory assays as appropriate.³

References

Emerging diseases products

For in vitro diagnostic use.

* For information on specific antigens, please refer to the Instructions for Use (IFU) or contact us for further assistance.